CHAPTER-2 BHARAT NO SANSKRUTIK VARSO:PARAMPARAO:HAST ANE LALITKALA
PART-3 (SANGEET KALA ANE LALIT KALA)
ધોરણ-10 સામાજિક વિજ્ઞાનનું પ્રકરણ-2 ભારતનો સાંસ્કૃતિક વારસોઃપરંપરઓઃહસ્ત અને લલિત કલાઓ -આ પ્રકરણનો વિડીયો ખુબજ સરસ રીતે તૈયાર કરવામાં આવ્યો છે.તેમાં લલિતકલાઓમાં સંગીત કલા અને નૃત્ય કલા વિશે સુંદર એનિમેશનથી રજુઆત કરવામાં આવી છે.
BHARAT NI SANGEETKALA ANE NURTYAKALA
THIS ARTS WHICH ARE CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE BEST ARTS IN INDIA ARE MUSIC AND DANCE.THESE TWO ARTS ARE THE ARTS THAT GIVE US PLEASURE.
MUSICE:
INDIAN MUSICE IS UNIQUE IN THE WORLD FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF TUNE,RHYTHM AND HARMONY AND SO IT IS DIFFERENT FROM THE MUSICE OTHER COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD.INDIAN FOUR VEDAS.RUGVEDA,SAMVEDA,YAJURVEDA AND ATHARVVEDA.SAMVEDA ONE OUT OF THE FOUR VEDAS,IS CONSIDERED TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH MUSICE.RICHAS OF SAMVEDA ARE SUNG WITH TUNE AND RHYTHM OF MUSICE.INDIAN MUSICE CAN BE DIVIDED MAINLY INTO TWO PARTS:CLASSICAL MUSICE AND FOLKS MUSICE.WE HAVE FIVE RAGAS IN CLASSICAL MUSICE.(1)SHREE (2)HINDOL (3) BHAIRAVI (4) MEGH (5) DEEPAK.
IT IS BELIEVED THAT ALL THESE RAGAS NATURALLY CAME OUT OF PANCHMUKH OF LORD SHIVA.IN ANCIENT INDIA MANY TEXTS WERE WRITTEN ON MUSICE OUT OF WHICH THE INTRODUCTION OF THREE:SANGEET,MAKARAND,SANGEET RATNAKAR AND SANGEET PARIJAT IS GI VEN BELOW.
SANGEET MAKARAND:
A MUSICE SCHOLAR NARAD WHO HAD WRITTEN SANGEET MAKARAND IN ABOUT 900 BC. IT DESCRIBES 19 VEENAS 101 RHYTHM WHICH USEFUL EVEN TODAY.
SANGEET RATNAKAR:
THE WRITER OF THIS TEXT WAS PANDIT SARANGDEV.HE LIVED IN DAULATABAD SO HE WAS FAMILIAR WITH SOUTH AND NORTH INDIAN MUSICE.PANDIT VISHNU NARAYAN BHATKHANDE CONSIDERS SANGEET RATNAKAR AS THE MOST AUTHENTIC BOOK ON MUSICE.
SANGEET PARIJAT:
SANGEET PARIJAT IS VERY IMPORTANT BOOK ON MUSICE.PANDIT AHOBALE HAD WRITTEN THIS TEXT IN 1665.ON NORTHEM HINDUSTANI MUSICE. HE HAD NOTED ONE IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTIC.HE HAS DESCRIBED 29 TYPES OF TUNES.
OLD TIME INDIAN MUCISE:
DURING THE TIME OF ALLAUDDIN KHILAJI,TALENTED AMIR KHUSHARO WAS VERY FAMOUS.DUE TO HIS CONTRIBUTION IN THE FIELD OF MUSICE AND POETRY.HE WAS KNOWN AS TUTI- E – HIND(PARROT OF INDIA)IN INDIAN HISTORY.BHAKTI MOYEMENT STARTED IN INDIAN IN 15TH AND 16 TH CENTURY.
DANCE:
THE WORD NRITYA HAS BEEN DERIVED FROM THE ORIGINAL SANSKRIT WORD NRIT. DANCE IS ONE OF THE MEDIUMS OF REALIZING BEAUTY.WITH ‘TAL’ AND ‘LAYA’ FOR THE REALISATION OF AESTHETIC JOY. SHIVA THE ORIGINATOR OF DANCE IS THE LORD OF DANCE. SHIVA IS THEREFORE ALSO SAID TO BE ‘NATRAJ’. HE WAS THE FIRST TO BRING DOWN MUSIC FORM THE HEAVEN TO THE EARTH TO TEACH THIS ART OF DANCE TO THE PEOPLE. INDIA HAS WIDE VARIETY OF TRADITIONAL CLASSICAL DANCE -BHARATANATYAM, KUCHEEPUDI ,KATHAKALI, KATHAK, ODISSI AND MANIPURI.
BHARATNATYAM:
THE ORIGIN OF BHARATNATYAM IS BELIEVED TO BE TANJORE, DISTRICT IN TAMILNADU. THERE ARE TWO BOOKS ‘NATYASHASTRA’ BY BHARATMUNI AND ABHINAVDARPAN BY NANDIKESHWAR. WHICH ARE THE ORIGINAL SOURCE OF ‘BHARATANATYAM’ APART FROM GOPI KRISHNA AND MRINALINI SARABHAI. ACTRESS LIKE VAIJANTI MALA AND HEMA MALINI ETC. ARE CONSIDERED TO BE THE PRESERVERS OF THIS HERITAGE.
KUCHIPUDI:
THIS STYLE OF DANCE WAS CREATED IN 15TH CENTURY. IT IS MOSTLY BASED ON THE DESCRIPTION OF WOMEN’S BEAUTY. DIFFERENT POSES AND GESTUREN PERFORMED BY MALE AND FEMALE DANCERS ARE WOVEN IN THE FOUNDATION OF THIS DANCE. KUCHIPUDI IS FAMOUS IN ANDHRAPRADESH. GURU PRAHLAD SHARMA, RAJA REDDY, SHOBHA NAIDU ETC. ARE THE WELL KNOWN DANCERS WHO HAVE PRESERVED THIS ANCIENT TRADITION.
KATHAKLI:
THIS STYLE OF DANCE IS VERY FAMOUS IN KERALA.THE WORD KATHAKALI HAS BEEN DERIVED FROM THE DRAMAS ON ANCIENT EPICS RAMAYANA AND MAHABHARATA AND MIXED DRAMAS OF SANSKRIT AND MALAYALAM.THE CHARACTER OF THIS ART WEAR BEAUTIFUL PLAITED ATTIRES. WE HAVE TO READ THEIR FACIAL EXPRESSION TO RECOGNISE THE CHARACTERISTICS THE CHARACTER. THE CROWN THEY PUT ON IS VERY ARTISTIC.THE CHARACTER PERFORMS HIS /HER DANCE WITH FACIAL EXPRESSIONS AND POSES OF HANDS TO INTRODUC THE CHARACTER OF ‘TRILOK’ THEY COME IN FRONT OF THE CURTAIN WITH THE LIGHT OF OF EARTHEN LAMP ONLY.
